TEL/FAX +254 20 4451691;
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
VENUE: PANAFRIC HOTEL;
DATE: Preliminary November 2-4 2010
THEME: “DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION
OF BIOGAS OPPORTUNITIES IN EASTERN AFRICA REGION”
Introduction
The Eastern
African Farmers Federation (EAFF) is a network of farmers’ organizations in
Eastern Africa. EAFF was formed in 2001.
Its role is to voice legitimate concerns and interests of farmers of the region
with the aim of enhancing regional cohesiveness and improving the
socio-economic status of farmers. The
Federation also endeavors to promote the regional integration of farmers
notably through trade as well as representation of farmers at the regional and
international level.
Today,
EAFF has member organizations in Burundi, Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, Democratic
Republic of Congo and Tanzania. We are
currently profiling Ethiopia and Eritrea to get full membership from these
countries as EAFF scope covers the countries at horn of Africa.
As
EAFF implements its second phase of development as contained in the already
prepared strategic plan (2008-2011), priority will be given to issues captured
by the Pretoria Declaration agreed upon by regional farmers networks (ROPPA,
EAFF, SACAU
and PROPAC])
in the year 2002. In the Pretoria
declaration, the regional farmers networks committed themselves to
strengthening of their organizations through good governance and
professionalism within the Secretariat.
The declarations also contained their visions on the kind of agriculture
they would like to see developed within the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture
Development Programme (CAADP). Which are:
·
Modern
and sustainable agriculture
·
Agriculture
that assures social economic and ecological functions
·
One
that guarantees family solidarity
·
One
that ensures remunerable and stable revenues
·
One
that enhances productivity to ensure sustainable food security, food
sovereignty and restores dignity to African producers and citizens
·
One
that seeks to promote a development which is more respectful of the values of
our culture.
EAFF
in solidarity with the regional farmers networks that signed the Pretoria
declaration i.e. ROPPA, SACAU, PROPAC would like to organize an international
workshop in October 2009 in Nairobi; Kenya on Biogas technology- whose theme is
Developing sustainable utilization of
biogas opportunities in the Eastern Africa region with respect to
Agriculture
Workshop background
This workshop
comes in the backdrop of the climate change effects that are being currently
faced globally. These pose a serious threat to sustainability of Agriculture
especially in Sub-sahara Africa and as such Farmers in the region need to have
capacity to adapt to these changes. One of the threats is energy; in late 2007
and early 2008 we experienced high prices of energy globally; this led to an
upward trigger effect of prices of inputs leading to reduced food production and
hence high food prices and the result was social unrest characterised by food
riots in several countries early this year as part of the other underlying food
security challenges. The farmers did not benefit from the high prices as many
recorded low margins due to the high production costs.
During the
FAO[4]-High-Level
Conference on World Food Security: the Challenges of Climate Change and
Bioenergy, on 5 June 2008 in Rome; Italy, the declaration adopted
highlighted the need to address the challenges and opportunities
posed by biofuels, in view of the world’s food security, energy and sustainable
development needs. It mentioned that in-depth studies are necessary to ensure
that production and use of biofuels is sustainable in accordance with the three
pillars of sustainable development and that it takes into account the need to
achieve and maintain global food security. It mentioned the convinctions and
desirability of exchanging experiences on biofuels technologies, norms and
regulations and as a medium and long term measure called upon relevant
intergovernmental organizations, (including FAO), within their mandates and
areas of expertise, with the involvement of national governments, partnerships,
the private sector, and civil society, to foster a coherent, effective and results-oriented
international dialogue on biofuels in the context of food security and
sustainable development needs.
Biogas
production and utilisation has become a major part of the rapidly growing
renewable energy sector. Over the last couple of years there has been a fast
development in biogas technology and an explosive growth worldwide in
agriculture, industry and municipalities. The technology is moving forward
quickly to high technical standards and improved methods for biogas
utilization. In Europe biogas is being developed on a large scale for stationary
heat and power production and as vehicle fuel for the transport sector. More
recently upgraded biogas is being fed into the natural gas grid or into
dedicated pipelines supplying central combined heat and power stations. Biogas
produced by energy crops delivers most energy per hectare of all biofuels and
is one of the most carbon neutral fuels.
Therefore; as is seen elsewhere;
Sub-saharan Africa should no be left behind, our environmental threats are now
coming up to levels where humanity is undermining the conditions for her own
survival.. It’s time for immediate, and
comprehensive actions for combating global warming, loss of biodiversity, ozone depletion, eutrophication, and desertification from
grass root to national and International level. Some of the challenges that we
have are to maintain soil fertility by creating circular flows for nutrients (that
now ends up in lakes and oceans); ensuring we have a healthy population; a safe
environment to prepare our foods and a rich natural Bio-diverse ecosystem. This
is the reason why we are advocating on usage of Biogas.
What is Biogas?
Biogas typically
refers to a gas produced by the biological breakdown
of organic matter in the absence of oxygen i.e originates
from biogenic material and is hence a type of biofuel.
Biogas can be used as a low-cost fuel in any country for any heating purpose,
such as cooking. It can also be utilized in modern waste management
facilities where it can be used to run any type of heat engine,
to generate either mechanical or electrical power. Biogas is a renewable fuel and electricity produced from it can
be used to attract renewable energy subsidies in some parts of the world.
Why
biogas technology
The most unknown renewable energy source
is biogas. It has a unique environmental perspective that will be used for
solving most of the environmental threats mentioned. It is vital to note that
one of the most extraordinary challenges our modern civilisation has to master
is how to stop soil degradation and maintain soil fertility. In
Role
in maintenance of soil fertility
The main output from the biogas plant is
the digester residue, a moll and nourish rich fertilizer that can be used to
maintain a living soil and thus securing food supply and curbing
desertification worldwide. Up till now the lack of manure has limited the
growth of ecological farming. The technology of biogas will change this for the
better. A digester is like an artificial cow that produces fertilizer and
biogas. Adding moll to the land will increase the water retaining capacity of
the soil thus minimizing the water demand. The nitrogen content in the digester
residue can be taken up directly by the plants and this minimizes nitrogen
leakage to the environment.
Huge
potential
A variety of organic matter can be used
for biogas production such as; organic waste from households and industries,
sludge from waste water treatment plants, manure, algae from over fertilized
shallow bays, residues from farming land and crops of different types.
Altogether these alternative digester feeds makes biogas potential superior to
all other bio fuels and without putting food production to jeopardy. Biogas
technology can spare the world the need for chemical fertilizer and produce bio
manure that can pave the way for the introduction of 100% organic farming
worldwide. Biomethane can also be liquified and used for fuelling of ships and
air craft.. Export of liquid biomethane can be giant opportunity for creating a
sustainable development and economy in
Optimal
energy balance and safe market
Biogas can be produced for a local market
and from locally available raw materials, thus minimizing transport energy and
securing a safe and stable price market for the biogas since it can’t be imported
on commercial basis.
Cleanest
bio fuel
Biogas has also the lowest exhaust
emissions of all bio fuels and contains no cancerous aldehydes that you find in
the exhaust emissions from ethanol cars. Biogas can also be used for making
synthetic diesel (Fischer Tropsch diesel), which gives the best exhaust
emissions of all diesel alternatives on the market, including bio diesels from
vegetable oils Thus biogas can be the most environmentally attractive
substitute for both gasoline and diesel.
Healthy people- women
By substituting wood fuel with biogas for
cooking, deforestation could be curbed worldwide. In
Healthy
children
Biogas technology will increase the
potential for Fruit tree plantings since the demand for planting trees for fuel
production will go down. Schools in rural areas could grow their own fruit
trees and serve the children fresh fruit every day, thus preventing
malnutrition and diseases.
Better
immune defence and fertility
Biogas technology will also pave the way
for introduction of 100% organic farming without use of pesticides. The poison
cocktail you get through uncontrolled spread of those pesticides has damaged
the immune defence and lowered the fertility of men. Introduction of biogas
technology will thus improve people’s immune defence against common ailments
Workshop Objectives
- Familiarize the Agriculture community of
- Sharing of Biogas experiences through case studies; exhibitions; policy
issues at National and Regional level and between Farmers; Governments;
Development partners and Private sector
- Identify capacity needed to uptake Bio-gas technology
- Develop a proposal on a viable project based on Biogas within the
region
- Establish a Biogas management committee to oversee sensitization
and activities related to utilization of Biogas
Workshop Outputs
v
Enhanced
understanding of opportunities…technologies; policy etc of Biogas
v
Capacity
gaps with respect to Biogas techniques adoption
v
Setting
up of an interim regional committee on Biogas (Eastern Africa Biogas Committee)
v
Development
of Resolutions on way forward on Biofuel energy utilization in the region
Beneficiaries
v
Regional
Farmers Organizations
v
National
Farmer Organizations
v
Farmers
of
v
Private
and public sector
v
Other
stake-holders
Project Management
The
lead managers will be EAFF through its secretariat. The host Member
Organization will assist in co-ordination and the organization of the Conference.
The intention is to invite maximum 100 pax for the
3
day event
Biogas technology Internation workshop
Tentative program
Day 1: Biogas
for sustainable development - How and
why
08.30 - 09.00
Registration, Fruit and Juice
09.00 – 10.00 Opening
ceremony
- Opening remarks from President KENFAP[5]
- Opening remarks from President Eastern Africa Farmers Federation
- Representative from The Swedish Embassy/ SIDA
- Representative from UNIDO
- Opening remarks from
- Speech from Minister for Energy/ Agriculture/industrialization
- Speech from Prime Minister/ Deputy Prime Minister of
Group
photo
10.00-10.30 Fruit and juice
10.30 – 13.00 SESSION 1 (15 min presentations)
-
Global perspectives on necessary actions for Sustainable
development - Bjorn Marten, GEIST
-
Global perspectives on policies at EU on Biogas and
Bioenergy relevant to Agriculture - CSA
-
Views from REC[6]s (IGAD[7] or
EAC[8]) on
Bio-energy as alternatives to Regional Energy sources
-
Views from PAFFO[9] on
-
Integration of Biogas energy into our farming systems
…EAFF
-
Presentation by KENFAP on Biogas/ bioenergy project
-
National Policy perspectives on Bio-gas/ Bio-energy-
KIPPRA[10]/
KIRDI[11]
Questions
& Answer
13.00 -
14.00 Lunch
14.00
-16.00 SESSION 2 (Presentations 15 mins)
-
Linking Sustainable Development to Human Security
- Dr. Philip
Raburu – VIRED[12] -
-
Biogas for circular flows of nutrients and a link
between urban and metropolitan areas - Ulf Nordberg, Swedish Institute of
Agricultural and Environmental Engineering
-
Biogas for vehicle fuel filling, experiences from
-
Case
study in Europe that is relevant and applicable to Africa; Ulf Nordberg, Swedish Institute of Agricultural and Environmental
Engineering
-
Presentation from a
-
Presentation from ICRAF on case study
Question
& Answers
16.00 – 16.30 Fruit and juice
16.30 - 17.00 Exhibition,
guided tour
DAY 2
-
SESSION 3: Discussions, Key areas, Establishment of an
East African Biogas Board, EABB
Country
experiencies
09.00 - 10.30 Implementation
of a biogas infrastructure
Experiences
from existing biogas plants in each country with experience from biogas make
presentation(5 mins each)
10.30 - 11.00 Fruit and Juice/ Tea break
Guided
Discussions to capture capacities
11.00 - 12.00
- Logistic
for raw material gathering (organic waste from households, restaurants, industry etc)
-
Raw material potential Nairobi? Kampala?
Etc Homework for participants to find out?!
-
Use of biogas, vehicle conversion, biogas stoves,Electricity production
- Biogas train
11.00 - 12.00 Biogas for rural areas
- Biogas potential from manure,
organic waste and energy crops
- Use of biomanure,
especially for organic farming
-
Dual fuel conversion of tractors to biogas/biodiesel ( 10% biodiesel, 90% biogas)
12.00 - 13.00 Linking
of rural and metropolitan areas
- Recycling of bio-manure to farming land
- Biogas train
- Biogas networks for vehicle fuel production
- Introduction of 100% organic farming
- Pilot plant proposals, Cost benefit analysis, Financing
13.00 - 14.00 Lunch
14.00 - 15.45 Biogas
Education
- Merging biogas technology into the curriculum at all levels of
education
- Development
of teaching material on the Web involving all aspects of Biogas technology
-
Introduction of Biogas technician education
15.45 -
16.00 Juice and Fruit
16.00
- 18.00 Biogas Board
- Establishment of an East
African Biogas Board, EABB, and National
Biogas Boards, NBB, with
governmental, community and
farmer participants
- Nomination of interim
stearing committee for EABB
- Financing
Representatives
from the following areas should participate: environment, education, energy, health,
waste and waste water,
transport,
and agroforestry
DAY
3
Final discussions, Project proposals
09.00 - 10.30 Discussions on a Biogas Project proposal
10.30 -
10.45 Fruit and juice
10.45 - 11.45 Final project proposals
11.45 - 12.00 Closing
ceremony
EAFF Representative -closing remarks
Geist
Representative
CSA
representative
12.00 - 13.00 Farewell
Lunch
We will make arrangements for
an exhibition with companies involved in
-
Biogas production,
-
Utilization of biogas: Biogas vehicles, biogas stoves, biogas driven generators
-
Biomanure: Storage, Spreading
TENTATIVE BUDGET
|
Operational budget |
Quantity |
Frequency |
Unit Price/day (euros) |
Total in Euros |
|
Taskforce
meetings: (6meetings) -conference facilities |
6 pax |
6
meetings |
50 |
1,800 |
|
International
workshop @ 3 days -
Travel
cost;-air tickets -
Visa
fees -
Accommodation
-
Road
transport -
Conference
facilities -
DSA -
Stationery -
Resource
persons -
Translation
(3 days) -
Translation
equipment hire (3 days) -
Secretariat
facilitation -
-
Communication-Press;
-
Report
publication (editing; lay-out; translation to French; Swahili…50 copies) |
60 pax 15 100pax 40 pax 100 pax 100pax lumpsum 1 3 pax 1 Lumpsum lumpsum |
1 1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 |
500 80 60 40 25 40 200 155 350 |
30,000 1,200 18,000 1,600 7,500 12,000 400 600 1,395 1,050 1,000 250 750 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
|
|
77,545 euro |
|
Support
Partners EU? Hivos? Swedish Energy
Agency? GEIST/Flatö Kajak Others? |
|
|
|
40,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 10,000 |